France and Spain and Portugal, oh my

Happy Boxing day! I hope the Canadians reading this have many boxes to plow through this Christmas, and are enjoying the unseasonal weather in Canada. For the non-Canadians, I hope you are enjoying or tolerating whatever weather you are either lucky or unlucky enough to receive. There's a rather longish missive following, as I struggle to recap our last few weeks.

After toiling in the soil for two weeks, Amy and I had decided to pass through the south of France before crossing the Pyrenees towards Spain. We considered a few places we'd read or been told about: Carcassone, a medieval city and Nice and Cannes, higher-end beach cities, to name but three. In the end we figured we'd visited quite a few medieval cities, and after spending a few weeks in the rustic Ardeche, we decided to visit Montpellier, a vibrant city with a big student population.

Montpellier has made great strides in becoming very pedestrian-friendly. The first of which are large blue trams which run along the major streets, connecting the vast majority of the city. In fact, most of the downtown core is open only to pedestrian traffic. The feeling towards cars seems to be very strict; even at stop lights, the city has gone one step further than just relying on the driver to halt at the command of the light: solid steel pylons with flashing red lights raise up out of the street to form an obstacle, and descend when the light is green.

The highlight of our brief visit to Montpellier was a wine tour of the city. Given that we were well outside the height of the tourist season, the local vintners have opted for a different approach to wine tours: instead of hoping people will come to your vineyard where grapes aren't growing, bring your wine to the city. In coordination with the tourist office, a group of about twenty of us walked to three different historical sites in the city and sampled wines from three different winemakers. Our arrival also happened during the release of the new Beaujolais for the year, so these were the wines to be tasted. Our three historical sites were the city's opera house, an ancient apothecary, and a subterranean church. At each stop, a rep from the vineyard was there to describe his or her vineyard's style and offerings, and answer any questions about the wine we were tasting. I didn't retain much from the wine tasting other than they were good, the company was very nice, and being able to taste the wines in a triplet of unique settings was a neat experience. Beaujolais isn't a wine to be cellared, apparently, which seemed to be just fine for Montpellier, where huge street parties were underway to celebrate the release of the stuff. Of the wines we've drunk, I'd say that Beaujolais is one that your average wine-drinker would associate as being the most "winey" - that is, if you were to conjure up a mental image of what red wine tastes like, ie., fruity, jammy, with berries and currant - you'd probably be hitting a Beaujolais.

We were fairly noteworthy in the wine tasting party as being Canadian, and we got questions from several people in the group about Canada. Mostly, did we get certain wines from France? Had we tasted them? They were more than a little surprised to here us defend Canadian wines, and the fact that we have a thriving industry of our own. The only thing Canada seems to be known for abroad are a few things: Dessert wines, Canadian Club whiskey, and Labatt Blue.

I guess we didn't get enough of a taste of wine, so we hopped a train to Bordeaux. I found Bordeaux to be like a smaller and more easily tackled version of Paris: big boulevards, monuments in roundabouts, and most annoyingly, bakers that bake fantastic bread but don't serve coffee. I know it's a French thing, that they do things differently there, but I just don't get it: you bake up mouth-watering croissants, and expect people to buy them to take away. Where? To a cafe, where they brew some coffee to eat them with. And then you have to hope that they don't serve croissants of their own, or else you might feel guilty for having brought food into the joint... it's all very complicated.

It was in Bordeaux that I found it: a boulangerie which actually served coffee. And had tables to sit at. I figure it can only be attributed to the higher-than-normal student population, but for whatever reason, it was a nice way to end our trip through France. The food was good, the coffee was nice (it isn't always the case in France) and the prices were very reasonable. So if you're going to Bordeaux any time soon, check them out: Les Pains d'Alfredo, 14bis rue Duffour-Dubergier, where the street ends at Cours Pasteur. Also a plus: non-smoking interior, with a patio for anyone who wishes to puff away happily.

The other nice find for us in Bordeaux was concerning, of course, wine. It seems that if you're a wine producer and you produce wines in the Bordeaux region, and more importantly if you want to be able to label your wine as an official "Bordeaux" wine, you have to send a sample of your wine to the Bordeaux Institute in, well, Bordeaux, for analysis and qualification. The building for this institute was right down the street from the hotel where we stayed, and had recently decided to remodel their downstairs from an office space to a presentation space, where they would host events and more importantly, offer tastings of twenty different wines from the region on a rotating basis. Le Bar au Vins was not officially open in its grand capacity, but they had dipped their toes into the water by opening the corner bar while the rest of the joint was having its renovations finished. We did get an informal tour of the redone interior, with its hardwood floors, luxuriously comfortable couches and tables, tasteful statuary and high ceilings. I can only imagine the receptions and parties that will be held here, and unfortunately, we wouldn't be able to stay for the grand opening just a week away.

For a few euros per generous glass, we sampled over our two visits a dozen wines; deep, ruby reds, sparkling whites, and a rosé that tasted like a red. Essentially, wines that we would only dream would cross the Atlantic. Some do, but most don't. We were served by the knowledgeable Martin, who answered all of our questions and went into the extremely technical end of winemaking when we asked questions which demanded more complicated answers. I suppose if there are people that really know wine, they probably work in Bordeaux.

I was intrigued by one of his comments, concerning how different wine producers approach the creation of wines. It echoed a theory I have about producers, in that there are essentially two kinds: those who produce a wine to have a specific flavour that is generally accepted by the public as the way a wine is supposed to taste, and those who produce a wine in such a way as to let whatever taste it is meant to have to come through on its own. I think I prefer the second to the first, and Martin was quick to mention that he's had to taste some undrinkable wines because they taste of nothing but the oak barrels they have been aged in. These wines don't get the nod of certification, but they still get sold somewhere. In that case, if the taste of oak is a mark of quality, than I guess there are some that are drowning in it.

While we were at the Bar au Vins, we met an astounding number of non-French people (Maybe it's a tourist thing: we're more on the lookout for interesting places to go in a city than the people that live there. It was the same when we lived in Toronto). One couple we met lived in London, but had come to Bordeaux for the weekend. Airlines like Ryanair are really revolutionizing the way people in Europe live in that continent; if you book far enough in advance (far enough being about two to three weeks), you can get a flight for one penny plus the gate taxes to just about anywhere you can think of. And living in London, it must have made sense for them: a cost for a weekend away in England is much more expensive than it is in France, plus, it's a bit more exotic to be in an entirely different country. While it's revolutionizing leisure travel, if the economic model continues to operate like this, it could even revolutionize a work model. Imagine working five days a week in one country, and then flying home for the weekend. Or flying to Portugal to do your clothes shopping because it's half the price there. The only thing you'd have to put up with, of course, is the actual drudgery of flying.

One last thing about Bordeaux: we saw a movie there. Babel, with Cate Blanchett and Brad Pitt. It was alright, if being a bit vague about why it had earned its title. The real highlight there was the theatre we saw the movie in, a converted cathedral named Utopia. A cafe downstairs and five theatres, it's a cinema-buff's delight, as evidenced by the packed theatre we saw our movie in. Our theatre was actually on the top floor of the building, and was decorated with frescoes and statues of Greek gods. Quite the environment.

We'd toyed with a few different Spanish destinations to start our trek into Spain and Portugal. Really, we had only a few weeks to occupy before connecting with our next WWOOF visit in the north of Portugal, and the weather had been souring in Bordeaux by the time we were preparing to leave. So we did what any sane person does when it starts to rain, head for the beaches. We decided to go to San Sebastian, in the Spanish Basque region on the other side of the Pyrenees mountain range.

The more Europe seems to be the same, the more I find myself looking for differences. The first thing I was hoping to find was that the electrical plugs would be different in each country, owing to the fact that I shelled out a few bucks for an extraordinarily nifty adapter which converts any plug to North American. With the exception of Ireland and Italy, this has not been the case. I don't know which country came up with the same plug that every other one seems to be using, but the end result is my fancy adapter has not been getting much of a workout. The differences aren't as extreme as I was looking forward to, other than the language: coffee is appreciated as a religion the further south and west you go it seems, but apart from that, the urbanites are all crazy about cell phones and dress like they just stepped off of a movie set.

However, Spain and Portugal have one noteable difference: their trains run on a track that is a different gauge from France, the only nation sharing a border. Thus, at some point in your journey, you have to switch trains. When we had enquired about trains to Spain in Montpellier, the guy at the counter told us that we'd have to switch at a border town called Irun. But when I ended up buying the tickets in Bordeaux, the lady scoffed at my Irun suggestion and told me that we'd be switching trains in Hendaye. I have to tell you it was a bit unnerving, having one's travel assumptions casually discarded by another official from the same company. Our conversation when something like this:

SNCF woman: Où voulez-vous voyager monsieur?

Me: San Sebastian en Espagne. Je comprend qu'il y a un train à onze heures, avec un changement en Irun?

SNCF woman: No... you switch in Hendaye. I will find it for you.

This happens more often than I'd like: they speak French, I speak French, they switch to English. I don't know whether it's because they want to practice their English, or they want to make me feel comfortable by speaking my (obviously) native language, or whether they want me to please for God's sake stop the massacre of their language with that accent of mine.

Me: (Not giving in) Hendaye? Mais un autre employé de la SNCF m'a dit que c'était Irun ou nous changeions. Aussi, j'ai vue la même au site-web SNCF.

SNCF woman: No, you go to Hendaye. The cost is eleven euros. How did you wish to pay?

Me: (Giving in) Do you take VISA?

As it turns out, you can switch in Irun or Hendaye, and it's actually more efficient to make the change in Hendaye, which is on the same run and twelve minutes earlier. I get now that she was being efficient at finding us the best route and best price, but at the time, I couldn't help feeling that somehow, somewhere, this woman's decision-making was going to haunt us. But it did work out, and we switched trains with plenty of time to spare.

The area around San Sebastian (or Donostia-San Sebastian, as it's now called) is the Basque region of Spain, which I am given to understand has had its own share of separatist sentiment. There is even a resistance movement which occasionally surfaces to blow things up and remind people there are those who wish there to be a thick black line separating the Basque region from that of Spain on the map. The bombings on the Madrid subways on March 11 were attributed by the government of the time to the Basque resistance movement, but it was largely seen as an Al Quaeda attack in response to Spain's involvement in the continued occupation of Iraq. On this issue the following election changed the government, and the Spanish military came home.

Meanwhile, in Basque Spain, there has been a dramatic campaign to reinforce the distinctive identity of the region. All street and roadsigns are now in both Basque and Spanish, and services are offered in both languages (as well as English, French, and a host of other languages; it still amazes me how many languages most people of Europe are able to speak). The result for me was that the first train ride into Spain was very other-worldly: normally we'd have seen signs that we could translate from French; now we had signs in Spanish and Basque, both of which meant very little in those first few hours. The Basque, especially. Apparently it's a very old language to which linguists are still having a problem trying to identify the origin.

We found quite quickly that things run a bit differently in Spain. For one thing, English is not very common, less common than French (which makes sense, given the proximity of that country as a neighbour across the mountains); in contrast to Portugal, where television and movies are subtitled, everything is dubbed in Spanish. The next difference is that people running pensions (boarding houses) don't necessarily sit around at home all day waiting for people to call; our first attempt at finding a place to stay was met with us ringing a doorbell and not getting any response. However we stopped in at a nearby internet café, and the proprietor, a woman named Cristina, not only answered many of our questions about San Sebastian, but even called up a friend of hers who ran a pension just down the street.

Eating in Spain tends to be a bit differently structured in Spain, as well. While most of Europe subscribes to the theory of having a mid-afternoon break, the generally hotter Spain spreads its schedule out a bit later in both directions. In a conversation with David, a local we'd chance to meet during our visit to San Sebastian, the meal schedule tends to work out like this:

TimeEvent
7 AMBreakfast; coffee and a bun
10-11 AMMorning snack; a light sandwich
1-2 PMLunch; generally a two-hour affair with several course, wine and coffee. The major meal of the day, preceded or followed by a nap
5-7 PMEvening snack, sometimes
10-11 PMDinner; similar to lunch, but a bit smaller, often earlier in winter due to the shorter day

In short, David boggled at the North American (and perhaps British) standard of three meals per day, the last at six o'clock at night. As well, the fact that we didn't take a siesta and had only an hour for lunch (or less) was very disconcerting to him.

It's even a bit different in San Sebastian, owing to the Basque heritage. There are certainly formal meals available, but most folks head to the bars, where dozens of different bite-sized (or two-bite sized, in some cases) portions of food are spread out for easy consumption. We did this a couple of times with varying degrees of success: some places made sure the food was fresh, while others I suspect let it linger a little longer than it should. As a result, I came down with my very first travel illness.

But before I go there, I'll mention a few things about San Sebastian that I enjoyed. San Sebastian is situated on the Bay of Biscay, and its own bay is subject to two tides per day. As a result it gets some pretty fantastic waves and is a major surfing hub. Our first walk out along the beach was the night we first arrived, while the tide was out. It was virtually deserted, windy, and loud with the sound of waves; in short, pretty magical. People had written messages in the sand that they knew would be soon washed over by the rising tide; pools of sand morphed into formations across the rocks, creating an other-worldly patchwork of art.

We spent longer than we'd originally intended in San Sebastian, mostly because it rained the second day and we wanted to give it a bit more of a chance, and gambled that it would clear up the next day. In the meantime, while it rained, we visited a wine and food convention that featured vendors from a great variety of food-related concerns. Mostly, meat and wine, but also chocolate producers, kitchen utensils and equipment, and coffee. A few observations:

Blue Mountain coffee is some of the most expensive coffee in the world, coming in at around fifty dollars (USD) per kilogram, harvested from Jamaica. I did get a chance to try a cup, and I can testify it has a very rich, robust flavour, but I don't know if I'd pay eight dollars for a demi-tasse cup. Apparently it is meticulously inspected for quality, so that only good beans are shipped. But the real reason for its high price is that over eight percent of the crop is purchased by Japanese middlemen, who keep the price artificially high. I suppose it doesn't help that this particular variety of coffee doesn't grow anywhere else.

Kyocera makes a series of knives out of ceramic instead of traditional metals, interesting in their design in that their blades are pure white. The advantage is that when cutting vegetables, the part that's just been sliced doesn't oxidize; they're also really, really sharp. And they're pretty reasonably priced.

In the end, the samples of food were small, while in comparison the samples of wine were large, so we wobbled out of there in search of a restaurant. We met up later with John, a Barcelonian baker who we'd met at the convention, and had some more Basque finger foods. At the same table we met Natalie and Lewis, who would end up leading us to the pension where I'd end up spending the weekend in bed as a feverish sick person.

But before I could look forward to that, we visited the nearby city of Bilbao, with its fancy Guggenheim museum (I know there is a Guggenheim museum in Venice, so the Guggenheims must get around), designed by noneother than Frank Gehry. It is an amazing space, with curving hallways that look down into other parts of the museum, cavernous spaces to host exhibitions, and what seems to be a permanent installation of immensely large shaped steel formations. Picture taking long sections of sheet metal and putting them into curves, circules, and waves; the sheets are easily fourteen feet high, so these are installations you walk through.

And then I lost a few days to being sick; not much to speak of there. Just a cold and flu, so those of you with overactive imaginations don't need to be recoiling in horror. While it was unfortunate to be sick in a nice place, it was a good location to be sick in; we had access to a kitchen and the room was inexpensive, so at least we weren't paying a fortune for me to be sick.

Eventually, I got better and we moved on to Madrid. Apart from visiting the city, there were really only two reasons for us to be there: to secure our tourist visas in order to visit India, and to catch a cheap Ryanair flight over to Portugal. We took a bus, which was actually faster and less expensive than a train; it also gave us an idea of just how big Madrid turned out to be. As far as cities go, it's got Toronto beat by a mile; the backup of traffic began an hour outside the city and we inched forward for most of it. Thankfully, the bus company must have built this delay into the schedule, as we arrived almost exactly on time.

Our visit to the Indian embassy will stand out in my memory as an example of how I would not organize an embassy's consular section for the purpose of acquiring a visa. To visit India, citizens of Canada require a visa of some sort: business, tourist, student (and probably a few others). All of these are pretty expensive: a tourist visa is fifty euros, plus (for us) a fee of twenty-two euros to fax our applications back to Canada to make sure we're not terrorists. Amy had diligently done some advance calling to see what would be required, and if we would need to leave our passports there. We were assured we would not. So we showed up to the embassy in the morning (applications are only processed in the morning) to find a room the size of a kitchen, packed with people. Two wickets were open, with an LED display above each showing a number. The numbers were not in sequence, so there was clearly a delineation of service of some time, but there was absolutely no indication of what it was. I decided to take a number for each line and wait.

And wait we did - almost two hours as the numbers inched by. Our mood wasn't improved by meeting an American who had applied for a working visa two weeks ago, only to be told that it would take two to three months to be processed. I could well understand his impatience. However in the intervening time we were able to get English forms for our application (none were available - nor did there have to be, I admit, after all we were in Spain - Amy had to bud in the line to make a quick plea for two) and get them filled out before our first number was called. The wrong number, as it turned out - that line was only for Indian citizens. So we waited some more, and were called. A few keystrokes later, we handed over our money and our passports, and were told that our visas (and passports) would be ready in two weeks. Not good news for us, as we were to take a plane to Portugal the following day. Again, we'd been assured that we wouldn't have to surrender our passports. So much for absolute information.

I'll admit I was ready to lose it; I was on the verge of telling them to stick their country, their tourist cash-grab and their backwards bureaucracy somewhere inappropriate, but Amy was much more politic than I. With a smile and a word, she was able to convince the desk staff of our plight, and they managed what I can only imagine they viewed was an exception for us - they photocopied our passports, and returned the originals to us. To their credit, they did explain that the visa itself must be sealed into the passport, so I understand that they needed to have it for that, but at the time, I wasn't seeing much logic. In the end we've left it that we are to return to Madrid with our (hopefully) approved application waiting for us, and then hand them our passports for two to three days for the consular staff to finish them off.

The rest of our stay in Madrid was essentially a waiting game for our flight to Portugal. It's a lovely city but we expect to spend more time in it on our return from our next WWOOF visit. While we were there, we ate well, walked around the drizzly city and generally tried to get a very small feeling of this immense place. Like most cities, it's broken down into neighbourhoods, and the one we were in seemed to be filled with import/export companies that all showed the same cheaply made blouses and pants. These are the kinds of places (it would seem) that you buy by the hundred. We'll give it more of a chance on our return.

Flying with Ryanair (a budget airline in Europe) has been quite simple to organize - you book and buy your seats online - but the actual doing of it has had its ups and downs. Our trip from Madrid to Porto was no exception. We arrived in plenty of time, checked our bags, and waltzed through security to gate 42. We waited there right up until the takeoff time with no hint from the staff of a delay. It was only when the sign changed from the Ryanair flight details to a flight with Air France details that the crowd went up in arms and wrung some information out of the staff: the plane was delayed. Gradually, new details surfaced: our flight would be departing from gate 46. So a hundred travellers and their carry-on luggage meandered down the hallway to gate 46, to set up a new vigil there. We would wait for fifteen more minutes before someone revealed we would be in fact departing from gate 47: another shuffling of a hundred passengers. We waited a good fifteen minutes there, only to be transferred back to gate 46; we barely had time to put our bags down when we were directed back to gate 47. But by this time they were taking our tickets, so I suppose someone had decided somewhere that this was really going to be the gate, and we all wandered past the gate and down the departure hall, where we waited for another ten minutes.

When they finally advanced the queue of people again, we were let out onto the tarmac where a but awaited us. I can only imagine what was going on with the bus while we the passengers were shuffling around in the airport: the bus going to gate 47 while we were going to gate 46. I'm sure there was a lot of fists waving in the air. At any rate, we finally got to the plane, but not without dozens of people making the joke that in all likelihood we would end up in Barcelona, not Porto.

But we did arrive in Porto, even if it was two hours later than scheduled. Apparently this is not uncommon in Spain. Porto is, as the name suggests, a port town, both in function and in product: historically, it was a great hub for shipping goods in and out of the country, but today it is better known for the producers of port wine. At least a dozen producers have large factories here, and all of them offer tours and tastings. We would tour only one - we happened to arrive on a national holiday - the Croft distillery.

So here's what I learned about port wine: the port that's fortified with brandy tends to be sold after three years (the "tawny" style) and the red port is just extra fermented and is sold after ten, twenty or thirty years. There's also a white port, drunk more as an aperatif. We sampled the red and the white, and while I'm not terribly partial to the stuff I could definitely see having the white port before dinner. My memories of port, from those who described its proper usage to me, were that it was supposed to "burn a hole through the food in your stomach" to allow you to eat more. Not a great introduction to it, I suppose, but if you drink enough of it, it does feel like its proper usage.

Porto also features a grand bridge of two levels, that allows the local metro to pass on the top and car traffic to pass on the bottom. The elevation difference between the two levels is at least three hundred feet, and it was designed by the same Eiffel who produced something special in Paris, so it does catch the eye. Not in the same way as the tower does, mind you, but it is pretty spectacular.

While we'd thought to stay in Porto and other places in the north for a few days, running into a fellow Canadian, an exchange student named Luke, convinced us that it would be worth taking a quick trip down to Lisbon to see the sights there; we'd also met a Portuguese fellow named José during our circus-act flight to Porto who gave us a few suggestions on what to see during our stay. So we embarked on a quick dip down south and back north again, stopping in Lisbon and Coimbra, before taking a final train up north towards our second WWOOF visit with Norman and Noeme in Valenca.

Like Madrid, Lisbon is a night-owl's paradise, but it is equally majestic with its share of huge buildings, monuments, promenades and parks. While we were there the city was in full swing to Christmas celebrations and you didn't see anyone walking through the shopping districts without at least two or three parcels or bags slung over their wrists.

Lisbon has a pretty simple subway system, but effective: one thing I haven't yet gotten used to are the difference between European subways and the Toronto subway. In Madrid and Lisbon (I've forgotten about Paris's, if we took it at all) the trains arrive from the right: in Toronto, it's from the left. Lisbon has about six routes while Madrid has twelve (it's a big spaghetti mess of lines). But the trains are nice, efficient, and relatively unpacked when we choose to board them. In Madrid the trains are blessedly free of advertising: I'm sure this will not last. Lisbon has the most comfortable seats I've ever sat in.

Two visits stand out for me during our brief visit to Lisbon: a day-trip to Sintra, a small town about an hour's train ride away, noteworthy for the palaces and castles that are situated there. We devoted our time to one, the Quinto de Regaleria, an estate formerly owned by royalty, bought in the early twenties by a doctor when I guess the monarchy was hard-up for cash. It's a sprawling estate property, that the doctor completely renovated with the help of an Italian theatre designer he'd hired; with a flair for the dramatic and overtones of mythology and Dante's books, there are at least twenty areas on the property all connected by walking paths: a huge subterranean well, encircled by a spiralling staircase; a gothic chapel; a waterfall, complete with stepping stones across the water; charming grottos with statuary; and, of course, the estate itself which has been set up as a museum that documents the overhaul of the property. By the time we had finished touring around the property, we had little time left before the other castles would be closing, so we decided not to try and pack too much into the day and returned to Lisbon.

The other visit was to the Belem area of Lisbon, a suburb to the west, famous for its Pasteleria de Belem, where they serve up a type of pastry they're famous for. Neither Amy or I are great fans of custard, but that's essentially what they are, and they're delicious. The bakery is constantly pumping out dozens of the things, waiters bringing out table-sized trays of piping hot Pastels de Belem where they are bought up by patrons either to eat at tables or to take to go.

From Lisbon we hopped on another bus to Coimbra, a student town, with a long-reaching history of academic tradition that continues to this day. You will still see students dressed in traditional ensembles of black suits and cowls with a white collar; apparently (according to José) there is a strict social system and rivalry between the different academic years. Whole gangs of students get together at the gates of the old city at night, on the prowl for younger-year students that are out after midnight curfew. If they find them, the older ones can cut the hair of the younger; as well, an older-year student can "save" a younger-year. It seems like it'd be a fun place to go to school...

Coimbra was also an exceedingly cheap place to eat, probably given the student population. There are at least two cafeterias that served up huge portions for a pittance: given that I was recovering from a cold at the time, the addage of feeding a cold was well-served. The food was simple, but well-cooked; a welcome relief from some restaurants that feel you have to douse your food in oil, butter and salt to overcome any problems with taste.

We stayed at another pension in Coimbra, where another José tended to us over the four days we stayed there. As we were the only guests during the week, it wasn't that complex for him; he's a short, older guy with snow-white hair and stubby fingers. Any time we saw him, he was dressed in a dark blue wool overcoat and looked very much like he'd just walked up from the docks. He was a really neat guy from which to get the low-down of the city, but the most memorable moment for us was our discussion of what to do with the room key he'd given us. As we were planning to stay for the week, we hadn't figured this would be an issue, but he began by assuring us that when we went out in the morning, we could just leave the key in the door, which we were obviously less comfortable with than just taking the key with us. I will never forget him exclaiming in a heavily-accented English, "It's not hard - when you go out, you just to leave the key, in the door. It is no problem."

We were trying to figure it out after we hesitantly agreed to do so and he left, when he came back a few moments later and explained that he'd been a bit confused and then remembered we were staying for a few days. What he'd described was the procedure for when we were going to leave Coimbra. He would also forget the next day that we'd paid him for the previous night, which lead to a lot of fretting for us whether or not we would be paying again. But in the end he managed to find our money.

It rained a lot while we were in Coimbra: buckets of rain at times, but we really can't complain as we've had such good weather up until now. And as it happened, we brought sun to Norman and Noeme, but I'll save that for the next dispatch. Happy Christmas to all!

Andrew and Amy in the Ardeche

After a short train ride from Chambery and a longer bus ride from Valence, we arrived after sunset in the small french town of Les Vans. We had traded emails with Ronna and Honoré leading up to our arrival - on our part, we had to tell them about our incredible coincidence that Mary, a former WWOOF participant on their farm, was none other than my cousin, and for theirs, to tell us that a movie that they were interested in was playing that night in Les Vans, and would we be interested in seeing it?

A neat beginning to our WWOOF experience: start it off with a movie. In this case, "Indigènes", an award-winning world war two drama concerning the experience of Algerian soldiers fighting under the French flag to purge France of the German occupation. An excellent and suspenseful movie, it also had a blessed amount of subtitling to translate the Algerian spoken by the lead characters into French. My french is good enough to get by, but when they spoke quickly, in accents and colloquially, I was lost. With subtitles, I could comprehend it much more easily.

Ronna and Honoré make an interesting couple. They've raised two daughters, both out of the house: one recently married, and having started a farm of her own out in the Alps. Honoré is the quiet one, generous with his opinions to his friends but to those he doesn't know, conservative with his comments. During our first week, we didn't get much conversation out of Honoré; in addition, his accent is so different from what I'm used to I really went more by instinct than anything when it came to properly interpreting his instructions when it came to farm-related activities. There were more than a few times I had misinterpreted. He also doesn't speak English: not a bit. Honoré has no fondness for technology: doesn't concern himself with cellphones, computers or new cars.

Honoré's truck is a well-loved Ford pickup with absolutely no automatic anything. The seats bounce around during a trip, the passenger door must be opened from the inside, and the dash is a veritable workshop of miscellaneous tools and implements you might need when driving around farming properties. The sides of the cargo area can be unlocked and swing down to make it easier to load things in and out, and when I pointed out that one of the mechanisms wasn't actually secured by the bolts, he shrugged and showed me how it could be wedged to work just fine. What will stick with me about Honoré is his capacity to put things in the easiest form to understand: perhaps this is from dealing with the sixty-plus WWOOFers they've had over the years. He doesn't waste a lot of time explaining something and tends to show you how to do it rather than talk you through it. Sometimes it worked with us: sometimes, it didn't, but in the end, we figured it out.

In many ways, Ronna is the complete opposite to Honoré. She's vibrant and talkative, with a quick wit and a gift for telling stories that are rich with detail. In fact most of her stories begin with her saying "and the story with that is...", which led me to tease her a bit about it. And then we developed a great conversation about the ways people from different countries speak, how people begin sentences, and how they fill silences. It's actually quite interesting if you think about it: how many times do you say "uh" in a sentence when your brain is thinking of the right thing to say next? Or do you just ramble on until your brain catches up?

Communication became a key issue during our stay because there were a few things we managed to do incorrectly, however (I think) none were so grave that they were major setbacks or things that couldn't be done again, correctly. It's a tricky thing to be a WWOOF host; you aren't paying the volunteer, so you can't just fire them or dock their pay if they mess up. You basically work with what you get. And because most volunteers only stay for a week, how much time do you spend explaining a task to ensure it's done properly? Do you over-explain and spend more time than it takes to do the task, or under-explain and hope the volunteer figures it out? Or hope that they'll have the sense to ask questions to clarify?

And as a volunteer, the same quandaries exist: you don't want to come off as slow or stupid by asking a continuous stream of questions, when you want to be working, but at the same time, you don't want to risk getting it wrong. Ronna and I had this conversation a couple of times, which reminded Ronna of a conversation she'd had with previous WWOOFers, who described a previous farm they'd visited. Before they arrived, they received in the mail a questionnaire from the WWOOF host farm, asking them some questions in order to figure out what they can do. While Ronna thought it was a good idea, it would take a fair amount of effort. In her mind, she'd just ask one question:

Your WWOOF host gives you a task to do, and goes off to do something else. You start to do the task, then realize something that you hadn't thought to ask when the host was describing what to do. Do you:

a) Keep going, doing the task as best as you understood the instructions as described.
b) Stop working, track down the host and ask them to clarify the task.
c) Stop working, and wait for the host to return to clarify the task.
d) Cry.


So after our initial cinematic introductions, we headed back to the farm. The drive back to the farm from Les Vans takes about a half an hour, and as the movie had ended around eleven-thirty, we were driving back in pitch black. You would have thought that driving with Mary for a week would have put us at ease when it came to driving in the mountains: this was not the case that first night. I remarked at the sharpness of Ronna's turns as she drove the car out of Les Vans, and wondered if it was a hallmark of how the car drove. But as we wound our way onto the mountain roads that lead to their farm, charmingly known as Le Soulier, I quickly realized why her turns were sharp.

The roads hug the sides of the mountains, which makes them all curvy. Typically, you'll encounter small bridges every couple of hundred metres, linking one mountain road to the next. Most bridges have solid walls that would probably stop a car careening off the road into the gorge waiting below: some have tiny flags implanted into the bitumen showing where the new bridge wall was going to be built, the last having been swept away in a torrential storm, and you should be wary of the edge. In truth, it was probably better that it was pitch black that first drive home, as we couldn't see just how far down the base of the mountain was from the side of the road that we travelled. Again, for Ronna or Honoré, regardless of who was driving, they've lived there a long time: for Honoré, all his life, and the roads are just roads. For the new visitor, it's a white knuckle roller coaster ride, and you're not even going that fast. It just feels like you are. Couple this with the fact that the roads are just wide enough to fit two cars, in some places; for most of the roads, when you get far enough out of the way, the road can accommodate one-and-a-half cars. So if you meet someone, you have to stop, and someone has to back up enough to get to a point where two cars can pass each other.

It wasn't until much later on in our visit that I realized, during a drive somewhere, that my eyes would be glued to the road, even during conversation, with the completely irrational belief that if I took my eyes away from it, something horrendous might happen. There we were, passing panoramic vistas, gorges, and an impressive hydroelectric power dam, and where were my eyes? Glued out the front window. I don't think I really adjusted to those roads.

A little about Ronna and Honoré's farm, Le Soulier. The main household is a collection of buildings, well over a hundred years old, that's been in Honoré's family for generations. The buildings are all built of stone, which being up in the mountains, is in bounteous supply. The main and most-frequented area of the house is the living room, which houses a hearth and fireplace the likes of which I've never seen: the fireplace takes up an entire wall, such that you can place huge logs onto the fire. Indeed, Honoré was not satisfied with the efficient, steady fires I would gravitate to: he'd happily add a eight-foot long tree trunk (or three) to the fire, put the bellows to it, and give it a satisfied grunt.

The property is surrounded by stacked terraces on which grow a variety of different trees, but for the most part, different varieties of chestnut. When I say stacked terraces I need to step back and explain a bit more, as I don't think I'd have understood what that meant if someone were just to drop that term on me. I guess farming on a mountain has its own set of challenges, the first of which is that it's a constant struggle to get up and down the mountain. Creating access roads is one thing (ie., with switchbacks) but if you don't do something about how the land forms on the mountain, everything that falls off a tree just tumbles down the mountain.

So, what you do is scoop out large tracks of land and dump the soil below. You then use the stones you find, or bring around, to build hefty retaining walls to make sure the soil doesn't gravitate back to the slope to which it would be accustomed. At least, this is the scenario I created in my head for how these immense rock walls, holding back level sections of earth, came to be. I boggle at the amount of labour that would have been required to create all the terraces you see when you wander through the area: not just Ronna and Honoré's farm, but everyone's farm, and the roads: everything has been cordoned off with these carefully constructed rock walls. It certainly didn't get that way by accident. Luckily, being in the mountains, there are plenty of rocks to find.

Ronna and Honoré also have gardens of different plants, fields sown with varieties of crops, apple and peach trees, grapevines, and are even graced by surprise mushroom explosions. In short, they have lots of things to harvest, and no shortage of things to keep them busy. In addition to the everyday tasks directly related to the management of the fruits and vegetables, they also spend a lot of time preparing their yield for sale at either a wholesaler or at a weekly market in Les Vans. Tantalized by the advance knowledge from Mary that Ronna and Honoré produce wine, Amy and I thought we might finally get a chance to try out our secaters, but alas, harvesting grapes was not to be our task while we were there: that had been done earlier in September (probably while we were trying to do the same thing in the Loire). No, our task would be picking chestnuts.

It was perhaps auspicious that during our visit to Maggie and Sandy in Ireland, we would happen across a chestnut tree that had produced some nuts. Before that, the sum total of my knowledge of chestnuts was that there is a song that begins by roasting them over an open fire. In fact, Amy and I tried that once, and were not captivated by the results. No, I knew nothing about chestnuts. This would change.

A chestnut grows to maturity, protected from the world in a hard, spikey shell called a bogue. When the nuts ripen the bogues fall to the ground and split open (or split open and fall to the ground. I don't know which, as the bogues were all off the trees when we got there). In a really well-developed chestnut bogue, there are three nuts side-by-side. More often, the nuts have already fallen out of the bogue. Then they fall into the crevices of the land, are covered by leaves and twigs, and become generally hidden.

Enter the work, and it's simple enough: find the chestnuts, dig them out of the bogues if necessary, and drop them into buckets. Fill a bucket, and pour it into a burlap sack. Heft the sack into the truck. Of course, there are some twists. The first being that not all chestnuts are good for consumption: worms get at them. The more obvious examples have big holes in them and crush easily, however, some you can't see and look just fine. For this reason all the chestnuts that are brought from the fields are dumped into large tanks of water, and left to sit there for around two weeks. The water purifies the chestnuts, and the ones which aren't good float to the top.

The next trick is to get around the terraces without putting too many of the bogue spikes into your knees, legs and hands. Because they're everywhere, you can't really sit anywhere that you haven't brushed clear, so you end up stooped over for most of the time you're out there. I thank Amy's mother for getting us very good gardening gloves in preparation for our WWOOF visit, as they were great protection from the bogue picks, but that didn't stop us from getting more than a couple in our fingers.

On some of the terraces, Honoré had laid out great green nets for the bogues and nuts to fall into, and with a bit of twisting and throwing action, all the nuts fall into a convenient pile to be collected. As Amy was quick to note, it was like hunting for Easter eggs, and especially satisfying to find a whole cache of nuts waiting for you.

Of the times that I was on my own collecting chestnuts with Honoré, he would sometimes tell me not to collect nuts from a certain area, because they were, as he would put it succinctly, "pas bon" (not good). It took me a while of puzzling over how he could tell the difference; they certainly looked like the other nuts, but hey, I only work here, so if they're pas bon, that's was good enough for me. To this day I have not got the keen eye for finding a good chestnut from a bad one, but I have figured out enough that it depends a lot on the tree they dropped from. Some trees are better than others, I suppose. As well, there are indicators of quality that can be ascertained by just looking it over carefully. I will leave that to the experienced professionals.

Editor's note: Ronna sent an email to help clarify this and other points, and she comments on the chestnuts:

A bit of information: the chestnut trees (as all fruit trees) are grafted: some varieties are more tasty than others, or a particular variety may be the ones we need to be gathering for a particular sale, etc. Also, there are trees around (like behind the house) which we didn't get around to grafting and those are definitely "pas bon du tout"!

Once you've collected a sizeable number of chestnuts, it turns out there are a bunch of things you can do with them other than roast them over an open fire. You can turn them into jam, flour, or bottle them whole with spices or without. There are different varieties of chestnuts, of which Ronna and Honoré have several, and are quite proud of the work they do.

One memory that will always stick with me is the sound of jets breaking the sound barrier on a daily basis as the French Air Force practiced aerial combat maneuvers overhead in the Ardeche. Only once did I catch a glimpse of them, but there was no questioning what they were.

It took us a while to get to know Ronna and Honoré, certainly more than a week, which made me glad that we stayed two. Ronna is also keenly interested in photography, which prompted more than a few conversations there. She's also a Nikon enthusiast which in itself makes her alright in my books. Honoré is on the town counsel of their township, Malarce sur la Thines, and was actually the mayor of Thines for several years. The two of them obviously have a vested interest in the environment, being organic farmers, but they also are interested in issues which touch on them more indirectly. For example, the local hot-button issue in Malarce is the introduction of windmills as an alternate power source. France is heavily reliant on nuclear power, using reactors for over eighty percent of its consumption. There are big lobbies on both sides of the windmill argument, with the arguments falling something like this:





Pro-WindmillAnti-windmill
Nuclear power creates waste that is, at the least, difficult to deal withWindmills are noisy, and mar the landscape
Wind is a sustainable and renewable energy sourceWind is not a reliable energy source: some days it's just not windy
Windmills create no waste productThe creation of a windmill takes a great deal of energy and materials, possibly more than it will provide

There are other arguments, both those seemed to be the big ones that were voiced during our attendance at a town hall meeting on the subject. It seems to be a politically-charged issue; no doubt the nuclear industry would chafe at the prospect of their apparent monopoly on power being challenged by yet another source, especially when an experimental fusion reactor is in development in the southeast of France. If all goes according to plan, it is supposed to be a very clean source of nuclear power, but it won't be ready for some years, and I'm sure they're going to need every euro of funding they can scrape together.

During our stay with Ronna and Honoré we also harvested carrots, apples, squash, pumpkins and potatoes. I must confess that apart from some gardening I helped my mother with when I was very young, I haven't had the opportunity to be this close to vegetables in their native habitat. So pulling potatoes out of the ground and realizing that only a small percentage looks like something I'd see in a supermarket, was very humbling. The rest had bumps, folds and eyes running through them: in short, very "organic". And perfectly edible. Actually, let me qualify that: they were some of the best potatoes I've ever eaten. But it makes me wonder about those supermarket potatoes. Are they treated a certain way to increase the yield of "perfect" potatoes? Or are we just getting a very small selection, the rest of the "unseemly" potatoes being chopped up and turned into french fries?

I could go into great detail about the rest of our experience with Ronna and Honoré, but as I write this, we've already crossed two countries and I fear that I'll have to be a lot less verbose if I'm ever going to catch up. While WWOOFing might not be for everyone, for us it was a very grounding experience, and a very much needed break from the museum, restaurant and hotel version of tourism we had been cast into. Tourism from the inside-out, if you will. It was good to be doing something with my hands. While we never got much of an opportunity to sample the wines of the region (to be honest, it was nice to "detox" after knocking off close to a dozen bottles of wine with Mary) it does give us the perfect excuse to go back.

After a healthy dose off goodbyes, we hopped on a bus towards Montpellier. We had a few days to kill before our next country: Spain.

Mary in the Alps

The French Alps. One minute you're riding along in the train across a hills and plains, speckled with trees, and then suddenly these giant spikes of stone are protruding up from the ground. It's not a subtle transition, and it got our attention after spending weeks in relatively flat areas of Italy. I say relatively flat, because they have plenty of knee-throbbing hills and the people tended to build fortified towns and cities on them. Even in Gubbio, the mountains were glorified hills, where trees and grass grew almost the whole way to the top. With the Alps, things stop growing at a certain altitude, and then everything turns to craggy stone. And then it gets covered with snow.

It's my developed opinion that there's nothing like a mountain to really remind you of how small and young you are. As our train wound its way through the mountains to leave Italy, the trip actually became less interesting but for all the tunnels through which we had to pass. This of course is another testimony to the enormity of the mountains; you're not going over top of them, and it's pointless to try and weave a course between them. It must really have been easier to blast holes through them.

At the last stop in Italy, customs officers boarded our train and made sure we weren't terrorists by checking our passports. Once again, by not flying, we didn't get a stamp on our passports, so our return trip is going to be devoid of any evidence that we visited Italy or Germany. Apparently we got off very lucky: people we would meet much later would tell us that on their exit from Italy, the train sat there for an hour as personnel and engines were changed. I think we must have gotten a better deal as our train was bound for Paris, and was already of the french train system.

I wrote a fair bit on the train while Amy read, so after a while we acclimatized to the massive mountains that meandered by in the background. It wasn't that long before we arrived in Chambery, a city close to my cousin Mary's village in the Alps, Bourg St. Maurice. Our trip to visit Mary, and choice to travel to Chambery, offered her an opportunity to audition Chambery as a potential "big city" for her to visit when she needed a "big city" escape from the Bourg.

A little background about my cousin Mary. The last time I'd seen her was over twenty-five years ago, a event marked by a now legendary tale in which our parents had decided to be efficient and park both her and I in the same perambulator (we were each around three or four years old at the time) and Mary bit me. Unfortunately, occasion has not brought us together in the intervening years, so any time Mary and I are connected in the same thought or sentence, this bit of ill will is naturally reminded to any who know the unfortunate incident. I think I got over it, as I have absolutely no memory of the event and the only proof of the story is a photograph of the two of us in the oversized perambulator (stroller, in case it's not a familiar word) and I was willing to chance that twenty-five years of growing up had softened Mary up a bit.

Mary is a world traveller. She lived and worked for a year in Madrid teaching English to high-power executives, made coffee and bought a house in New Zealand, and then met a guy which prompted a return to Europe in order to live with him in France. When we tumbled off the train in Chambery, we were easy targets, and she picked us out readily. I of course recognized her immediately, and if there were any lingering doubts about either of us being bitten, they seemed to disappear immediately.

Again, stories about family are often hard to sit through for anyone who doesn't know the players, but there are plenty of interesting bits that I'm going to relate here. We met Mary's dog Sheesha (named after a mountain). There was some discussion as to what breed Sheesha is, but to me she looks like a mix between a black lab and a collie. Whatever she is, she's got a lot of energy and after getting to know you, she's very friendly. We would not get the chance to meet Mary's boyfriend Severin, for really interesting and exotic reasons involving him working in Qatar painting something while hanging from mountain climbing ropes. However, we were introduced to a coffee machine which bore his name, mounted proudly in the kitchen. But I get ahead of myself; we had first to survive the trip back to the house, and kitchen.

Our walk through Chambery was uneventful, but interesting enough with enough big-ticket items to score high on Mary's radar such that she'd feel it was worth visiting for a big city fix. We caught up fast and happened upon our very first stupendous coincidence: Mary had done a WWOOF visit on the very same farm that we were going to visit in the Ardeche, just two years ago. In the end there are only so many farms participating in the WWOOF program, and it happens that Ronna and Honore's farm has a lot going for it in its description, so I suppose it's not that big a coincidence. However, it is just one in a series of coincidences that makes me feel like I have very much come late to the party: I never knew about WWOOF, and every time we tell people about it, they seem to know all about it, know someone that did it, or have done it themselves.

The drive from Chambery to Bourg St. Maurice ("the Bourg") is only an hour, but it was a white-knuckled ride for me. I should know this by now: you get used to the roads you drive regularly, and the road looks completely different from the driver's seat. But for us, never having been there before, driving high into the mountains, looking out the window down hundreds of feet as it all speeds by, it took some getting used to. Quick lesson about for those who don't know about driving up mountains: obviously, you don't go straight up. Rather, roads are cut into the side of the mountain in a zig-zag pattern, so you're kind of driving up the side of the mountain at about a twenty- to thirty-degree angle. Then you hit a small circle to turn back, and do a drive up another twenty-degree road until you hit another turning circle. Switchbacks, they're called, I think.

Mary and Sev live in a charming flat about halfway up the mountain. They're renting as they've just bought some land upon which they're going to build their house in the coming years. We had lots of energy after our train and car rides, so we took a walk about the mountain, and were rewarded with a sunset that spread amazing colours across the clouds and mountain tips of the range we could see: at first a sparkling reddish-orange, slowly transforming into mauve and fuschia. The clouds have to be just right to see those kind of colours. Nearby, a mountain stream blasts water through gigantic piles of rocks. It was very humbling, not to mention loud.

The room in which we slept had a window looked out onto a range of snow-peaked mountains. When you opened the window, you heard the rushing of the mountain stream. The air was fresh and crisp. Combined with what must be stupendous snow and those crazy mountain roads, it was definitely one of those moments where you realize how differently people can live.

The whole village of Bourg St. Maurice is essentially built around winter sports: skiing, snowboarding, hiking, and then the services surrounding it. There's not much else, but with those kind of mountains, there doesn't really need to be. Both Sev and Mary work in the industry, which as she describes, means that she is pretty much incommunicado between December and May. The population of the area swells as visitors rent up all the seasonal places to stay and take vacations in the resorts.

Our week with Mary was one of eating extremely well, drinking a fairly copious amount of good wine, taking several alpine walks, and spending a night in a mountain retreat. It was a fabulous visit, and an excellent opportunity to build some new memories that don't involve biting. We also found out that we share a love for good coffee, and if anything, Mary is even more selective about the quality of her coffee, and clearly better trained at the preparation and tasting of it. I mean I know what I like, and my standards are fairly high, but I think Mary was spoiled down in New Zealand and now she has to suffer through mediocre coffee. I agree with her though, so far: Italians know their coffee. Followed by the Spanish, and then the occasional French outlet that knows its business.

She dropped us off back in Chambery where we embarked on our next leg that took us towards a different range of mountains, the Ardeche, and our first WWOOF visit.

The left side of Italy

If you recall from my last posting about how walled stone cities seem to be built in Italy, if not the rest of Europe, you'll find when visiting Montepulciano that it's no exception to the rule. Find a hill, build a fortress on the top of it, surround it with buildings, build a wall. Cover every piece of soil with slabs of stone. Several hundred years later, install tourist information offices.

Let's not hide it - we came to Montepulciano for the wine. It's a wine town, and the surrounding countryside is planted full with grapevines. When we pulled into the bus station in Montepulciano, our prospects did not look very good: arriving on the weekend, and the place we had in mind turned out to be a bed breakfast on the outskirts of town to which only regional buses would reach, seven kilometers away. A quick check of the math involved in bus tickets showed us that the money we'd save on accommodation would be eaten up by transit to and from the city, and, we'd have to be out of the city by seven thirty at night if we didn't want a seven-klick hike in the dark, without sidewalks, being passed by Italian race car drivers.

So we did what most travellers do - we explored other options. A sign posted in the bus station offered rooms at a reasonable price, and our guidebook for Italy also promised a budget option in the heart of the city. So with two options, we struck up our two-person Italian phone call routine. Amy connected with the woman on the other phone, got the sense that if we went right now, we'd have a room, so that's just what we did.

It turned out as we got there, that the number at the bus station would have led us to the same place. The Il Cittino, a hostel-style hotel and restaurant, is located pretty much in the exact centre of Montepulciano, which involves much climbing of gradual hills and winding through switchback streets. Montepulciano isn't that big - you could cross from one side to the other in half of an hour - but when you're lugging packs around, every step up a hill feels like a trudge up a mountain.

Il Cittino is run by one woman - Marcella - a lovely woman who is a reserved dynamo of energy. She'd have to be: in addition to running a hotel that can cater to probably twenty people in a dozen separate rooms, she does all the cooking for a twelve-table restaurant. Lately she's been doing it single-handedly as her one permanent employee is recovering from an illness; however, she does have a weekend helper, a student from the nearby university of Siena.

We also met Henrik, one of the most interesting people I've yet to meet during our travels. Henrik isn't his real name; he's pretty secretive, and I've no wish to offend him by announcing to the world of his presence in Montepulciano. Henrik's story is pretty romantic: he came to Montepulciano seven years ago, just passing through, and his vehicle broke down. As the fog lifted, he saw the steeple of the nearby cathedral San Biagio, and it must have been a pretty spectacular vista, as he decided to make Montepulciano a permanent residence (as well, his vehicle decided not to start again, despite three days of repair, so I guess it was meant to be).

Henrik offered up to us his favourite impressions of Montepulciano: where we should and shouldn't go, what were the best deals, where was the best wine. It is fascinating to hear him speak, his English couched in a Italian accent that also betrays his northern European heritage. He is clearly a knowledgeable man, well-versed in many topics, but to describe any of them to you would be to give away points of his identity. I'll just say that it was great to spend time talking to him, and we hope to see him again during a return visit to Montepulciano.

We ate out for an early dinner at a local cafe-restaurant, Al Gambo di Gatto, where we had a light meal and some pretty great local wine. The owner, Emmanuel, and his wife Laura, were a great team with an obviously well-practiced routine: she would discuss the menu with the guests, translating where necessary, and take the orders; he would discuss the wines, profferring three for a taste and one for a selection. In Montepulciano there are two basic types of bottles, the first being the younger, cheaper selections that are aged for six to eight months and come from a variety of local grapes: fruity, lively wines. The second selection are the wines made from the local Montepulciano Nobili grapes, and aged for two to three years (or more) in oak. They're more robust, very tannic, and great cutting for through meat and game dishes. We went for a Nobili.

The presentation of the meal, and the warmth with which it was served, impressed us both, and moved me to the point of wanting to come back and do an interview for a story devoted just to the two of them and their history: why did they come to Montepulciano? What's their philosophy behind running a restaurant? So I discussed this with a very enthusiastic Laura, who suggested I return the next day when the restaurant opened.

In the meantime, we toured around Montepulciano, soaking in the flavour of yet another step-back-in-time city. That night we decided to attend what can only be described as an artistic event: "The Shop of Wilde Dreams", a combination of live jazz, video and painting. While I still am a bit unclear as to the actual order of things, my feeling is that the artists were all supposed to work off of each other when producing their art: the jazz players would play some music, the painter would react to that when painting, the video artist would project different video, and so on. But in hindsight I think the jazz artists had a few well-rehearsed numbers, and the video guy clearly had only so much material to draw upon. Only the painter could be truly improvised, and even then, there's no way of knowing whether or not he'd done his piece before. In the end it was worth seeing, and the painting was clearly inspired, but the jazz left me a bit hollow. The players - a saxophonist, keyboardist, bass player and drummer - were clearly experts, though it only became clear during their more formal numbers. In what I am going to assume was an attempt to inspire the painter, they did their best to produce a disorganized cacophany of noise, which you get the point of in a few minutes, and (at least, for me) get tired of after a few more minutes. I would have loved to stay for a few more minutes at the end to inspect the painting a bit more closely, but when they started up for their encore set of cat-strangling and screaming amidst syncopated drumming and bass-string screeching, we found it too much and evacuated the premises.

The next day I set out to do my interview, armed with my questions. When I got their, Emmanuel had no clue who I was. Absolute blank, despite my attempts to inspire some recollection as to why I'd returned. We hit a wall of miscommunication: him with little English, me with little Italian, and after a quick cup of coffee, I left. A bit crestfallen, I'll admit. I rebounded though, with a photographic tour of Montepulciano: Amy and I had separated for the morning while I was going to do the interview, and I did get some photos I liked.

We spent much of the rest of our visit walking through the city, talking to Henrik, and tasting wine. In short, a great visit. But as the weekend drew to a close we made plans to visit our next Italian city, Siena.

A short bus ride from Montepulciano delivered us into Sienna, and after looking around at some of the expensive hotel options, we realized a visit to this city had the potential to be very expensive. So we cut our costs by staying at one of the city's three youth hostels, ours located relatively inconveniently about two kilometers north of the train station, the train station being one kilometer north of the city. Not having a map which actually included enough of the city to show us where the hostel actually was, we waited at the station for bus service to resume, having asked enough people to get a reasonably certain idea of which one we should actually take.

A side comment: when travelling, asking people for directions is a good idea. However, you should ask multiple people, and at various stages of your journey. Just because the person you talk to sounds absolutely certain about the turns, distances and landmarks, doesn't mean you've actually understood it correctly, or that they really know what they're talking about.

The bus dropped us off at the hostel, a former university residence building. We spoke to Giuseppe, an older, wiry Italian man with a pleasant demeanor but no-nonsense attitude when it came to business. We could certainly have a private room, breakfast was one euro and ninety four euro cents per day, all payable in advance. And in cash. Of course, we didn't have enough so I'd have to walk down to the nearest cash machine, to which he gave me directions... you can guess the rest. I did eventually find it, and spent a few moments cursing when the door wouldn't open. I tugged on it for a few moments before deciding to try pushing the door; another curious feature of European design is that it can be the exact opposite of North American design. Light switches are pushed down to activate instead of up; some doors open out instead of in. For whatever reason, I'd been conditioned that the door should be pulled open, and this one didn't work that way.

Breakfast is worth commenting about, to the extent that the lesson learned there was don't buy three days' worth of breakfast chits if you don't know what you're going to get. Or generally, none at all if you're staying at a hostel. They are universally cheap and terrible. The coffee was, from hell.

We decided to forego the bus and walk into Sienna's old city. It turned out to be a relatively easy walk, with the exception of a few stretches where there were no sidewalks and the traffic whizzed by on the left. We walked single file, which was only complicated by the appearance of walkers coming the other way. But it only took us about a half an hour to get to the city on foot.

Sienna: another timeless, walled fortress city. I hate to think that we were getting overexposed to midieval cities, but it could possibly be. It was impressive to look at. Its streets were overflowing with character. But after a while, you just wished that you wouldn't get so lost all the time.

It was in Sienna that we would meet Lisa, the proprietor of Sienna's sole English book store. We were hoping to find the next in the series of a book that we'd been lent and had both enjoyed, and a quick search on google had turned up Lisa's store in Siena as a possible place where it might be found.

Lisa is an American transplant to Italy, having moved to Sienna some ten years ago from New York; three years ago she opened her store. A very knowledgeable and likeable person, we found the hours ticking away as we talked, finally getting around to the actual reason we'd come by - the next in the series of books we were reading. It wasn't in her stock, but she did sell us two other books that we have both since enjoyed. So if you find yourself in Sienna with a need for books in English, make your way to the Book Shop, Galleria S. Pietro 19, Sienna (+39 0577 226594).

It's at this point that I must confess some time has passed since we were actually in Siena - things have gotten busy - so the details are starting to get sketchy on what we saw and did while in the city. But I'll try to cover the big points.

We visited the Medici fortress, a huge structure on the west side of the old city (at least, it looked like the west side to me. You'll know it when you see it). Essentially, it's a big tall rectangular castle with around six diamond-shaped structures extending out from the points. The building has been reclaimed for other non-fortress uses, such as housing a musical conservatory, a high-end restaurant, and a wine museum that stocks over 1,600 different bottles from all of Italy. You would have thought that we would have visited this mecca of wine, but in the end the timing didn't work out, and we didn't make our way back there.

We also took in a visit to a museum that, in its previous life, had been a hospital dedicated to the care and well-being of the city's less fortunate. St. Maria de la Scala is undergoing constant renovation, and it is expected to continue into the long range future, so there was a fair amount of background noise to our visit. However, the main entry hall was worth the price of admission just by itself. Easily two hundred feet long and fifty feet wide, the walls and ceiling were covered in frescos that depicted historic scenes including characters from the hospital's history. As we toured the hospital it became clear just how huge the structure actually is: section after section of sculpture, paintings, a small chapel, an underground section devoted to an entire collection of Egyptian artifacts, even a special exhibition of canes and walking sticks. I think we spent most of the afternoon there and left with a ravenous appetite.

At night we had the idea of perhaps seeing a movie - something we hadn't done for weeks. We'd passed a poster for the latest Woody Allen movie and thought that perhaps it was subtitled, so we tracked down the theatre. Only to find out that it was in fact dubbed, and during our conversation with Carolina, the theatre's ticket agent, she suggested that unless we really understood Italian, we weren't going to enjoy it. That didn't stop her from having a good long conversation with us, in which we talked about all sorts of things both Canadian and Italian. Speaking with Carolina was interesting: she had moved to Siena from Naples, where in the south of Italy unemployment has become a real problem. This is especially the case since the formation of the European Union and inflation that came with the adoption of the Euro. She spoke of the cost of housing (both renting an apartment and the dream of owning a house - well outside of her means) and the cost of living, both of which had risen dramatically over the past seven years. All the while I couldn't help but wonder how it was then, with this increase in prices, that the cost of transit is so cheap. Our bus tickets that took us across Italy were a pittance, as were the cost of our train tickets from place to place.

Finding a place to connect the laptop to the internet has been a bit of an ongoing challenge - wi-fi connections seem to turn up where you least expect them - and this was even more the case in Sienna. As I'd written previously, outside a banco privato we happened to see a horde of people sitting on the marble steps with their laptops. There was nothing organized, just a conglomeration of people - probably it is locally known that it's a good place to find a wi-fi signal, but for everyone else, it's just a bit of a deduction to figure out that if someone's got a laptop, they probably have wi-fi. At any rate I've already extolled just how much of a contrast it was - modern laptops in front of an ancient building, but it also summed up Italy in many ways. The people are innovative, but also thrifty. Free wi-fi is relatively rare in Italy, if not Europe, so when you find it, you take advantage of it.

I have to digress a moment to talk about the coffee in Italy. It's been a bit of a bum ride for Amy, who is a devoted tea drinker, to visit France and Italy where a cup of tea can be almost twice as expensive as a cup of coffee (and this is for a poorly-made cup of tea with a cheap tea bag). The coffee in Italy (outside of the hostels) was universally superb. The Italians have got it down pat, as opposed to the French, who produce a coffee which is from time to time just "okay". Avoid the "cafe americano" - it's not worth it and most places don't really know how to make it anyway. You just get used to drinking the smaller espresso coffee, which contains exactly the same caffeine hit, just in a more compact package.

We left Sienna to head to the Cinque Terra for the weekend. The Cinque Terra is a loosely-knit community of five picturesque fishing villages, linked by road, rail and walking paths. All five of the villages are perched on the edge of the Mediterranean sea, which makes for some pretty spectacular panoramic views along the walking paths. We opted to rent an apartment for the weekend so we could make our own meals (something we had been missing for a while) in the southern-most of the five villages, Rio Miaggiore. We'd called ahead, as you never know how busy a popular tourist desination will be - but when we arrived, it was clear that we could have found anything. We were greeted by at least two people looking to see if we were interested in renting an apartment, and an older Italian lady - Mama Rosa, it turned out - held out a sign offering rooms from a paltry fifteen euros. While Amy looked around for the usual array of tourist information (maps, guides, etc.) Mama Rosa's husband (Papa Rosa?) listed to me all the places he'd been while serving as the engineer of an oil tanker. It got to the point where he could have tried to list places he hadn't been. At any rate, we'd already had a place reserved, and later on we encountered a sign that indicated we shouldn't accept offers from places that appear to be amazing deals - as they tend to just pack people in and the conditions can be less than appealing. Good enough, then.

The towns are so small they don't have maps to provide to tourists: they are the definition of one-street towns. In the case of Rio Maggiore, the street ascends upwards towards the mountains, at a forty-five degree angle, with shops, hotel booking agents and speciality stores flanking you on either side. There wasn't a McDonald's to be seen but there were no less than three CORA outlets, disguised in small shops. I suppose you have to stock the villages somehow.

Our meals throughout the weekend were different pasta dishes, accompanied by local Cinque Terra wines. The bottom must have fallen out of the fishing industry, as we didn't see a lot of it going on - but tourism is unquestionably the larger source of revenue now, for better or worse, as well as a thriving wine industry. The arable land available in Cinque Terra is a series of terraces that ascends the mountains, thus, everything has to be done by hand. As far as the quality of the wines, well, they didn't knock our socks off, but they were certainly very pleasant.

And now, the walking trails. We'd very efficiently planned to do our walks over the weekend: however, a signficant rainstorm had forced the regulatory body that oversees the trails to close the trail between Rio Maggiore and Corniglio (villages 3 and 5, basically) for safety concerns. The tourist office underscored that while the path between Monterossa and X was still open, the quality of the trail wasn't going to be very good, and it wasn't recommended that we walk it. We decided that rather than wait for our next visit to Cinque Terra, we'd risk the conditions. So we hopped a train to Monterossa and started our walk along the trails back to Corniglio, where we'd hop on a train back to Rio Maggiore.

The trails themselves between Corniglio and Monterossa are not for the faint of heart, the first leg taking over two hours to traverse and making a path up and down the terraces. You find yourself doing a lot of climbing, only to follow a path around the mountain and then descend back down into a valley. To top it off there are no guard rails, so coupled with some slippery, muddy paths it can make for some pretty slow going. I think we chose the right direction as it meant we could pause in Vernazza, have a look around and something to eat, and then hit the second and (slightly) less difficult path. Having just described how difficult the paths could be, the views were worth it, and the paths themselves showed off the diversity of the Cinque Terra region. It made me wonder at how difficult it would have been to cut into the mountainside and build the stair-stepping terraces on which so much is grown.

At the base of Rio Maggiore, a small marina boasts a few cafes and, further down the seaside path, a rocky beach. I remember this kind of beach from my previous visit to Nice. The ferocity of the waves means that thousands of stones get rolled up onto the beach, slowly getting chipped and eroded until they become small pebbles. The sound of the waves crashing onto the rocks is incredible to listen to, as it gives you an indication of just how strong the waves are. Occasionally there is also a moment, a pause in the waves crashing onto the stoney shore, where you can hear the water receding and carrying away the thousands of smaller stones that aren't heavy enough to remain on the shoreline. It's quite hypnotic and we spent a few hours there.

While we were there they never did take the path between Rio Maggiore and Corniglio, as the conditions actually deteriorated on the paths during our stay (they even closed the paths between the other villages). We did do another hike (again, alot of climbing up through the terraced mountain sides) that took us to the western end of the five villages, where we encountered a nature reserve that gave us a panoramic view of the Mediterranean sea. In short: Cinque Terra is well worth the visit, but I don't think you need to spend a lot of time there to appreciate it.

We had figured out already that our next stop was going to be to visit my cousin Mary, who I hadn't seen for over twenty years, who lives on the other side of the Alps in France. We'd already booked our train tickets from Torino, but it meant spending the night there. So we took the train to Torino and spent a very few hours there. My impressions of the city are scattered, but essentially, they cleaned it up for the Olympics a few years ago and it shows. A new train station was added to allow access to the Olympic facilities, and the tourist office has a wealth of information at their fingertips. They armed us with a list of the hotels in Torino, a map of the city, and we set off to find ourselves a reasonably inexpensive place to spend the night.

Our first stop, the Albergo Romana, did not impress. For fifty euros we would have the pleasure of a dingy guest room, washroom down the hall. I haven't haggled much this trip, but I really couldn't believe the room was worth it. In addition, while I'm not an expert on tourism, I felt that we weren't in the prime tourist season and that it shouldn't be so expensive. The hotel guide even went so far as to list high- and low-season prices. So I suggested it was perhaps more expensive than we'd like, and offered forty euros, but despite us being the only people in the place, she didn't budge. So we did, and left - no hard feelings.

Our next stop, just down the street, was completely different. Granted, by this point we had been walking around a bit with our packs, but the people were nice, the room was excellent with its own toilet and shower, and internet access, for five euros more than the last place. I guess with the success of the Olympics, the whole city has inflated its prices, but at the very least, the consumer should feel like they are getting something for the money.

The train from Torino to Chambery, France was a ride of having one's face pressed up against the glass. For us, mountains are pretty amazing - yes, Canada has the Rockies but we haven't seen them yet - so crossing the Alps was stunning. There are even more impressions to be conveyed about the alps, but I'll save them for the next installment.

Wine review: Tavernello

For those who like to occasionally venture off of the sunny side of the street, there are also wines to drink while you're there. Tavernello is conveniently packaged in a set of three formed plastic drinking boxes and can be yours from any supermarket for the incredibly economical price of just over a single euro (1.12€, less with tear-away coupon).

At first glance, Tavernello Vinodo (tavola rosso) isn't much to look at. The packages are opened by pulling off a single shiny plastic silver tab, allowing your waiter to ask perhaps, "shall I rip it open a container or two for you?" After wiping up the spilled droplets of ruby-coloured liquid that have spurted from the container to your shirt sleeves, you are rewarded with a bouquet of deep earthy tones of mushroom, berry, and prune. As well, slight hints of pomegranate, raspberry, and camomile are evident after the wine has been allowed to breathe, and these scents are best accentuated by swirling the wine around in a plastic cup.

The taste of the wine, while lacking in any real body or character, is obviously structured so as not to offend or charm anyone: this is clearly a wine for pairing, and indeed, when matched with a smelly cheese or spicy salami, the flavour of the wine is dramatically improved. With notes of prune, evergreen, blackberry, rubbing alcohol and old shoe, Tavernello smells slightly better than it tastes and is probably enjoyed most on the sixth or seventh box. It is slightly tannic, possibly having been fermented in a French oak barrel, or more likely, fermented with crushed oak chips, and will leave your lips puckering.

Thankfully, there is little aftertaste, and the wine has a pleasant warmth and smoothness. Best drunk immediately: do not cellar.

Unlocking Umbria

The story so far: Amy and Andrew, safely ensconced in an agritourismo farmstay in Perugia, contemplate their next moves through Italy. The grasp on Italian is improving (a dozen or so words and phrases instead of "si", "non" and "gratzi") and we're getting used to the Italian schedule for shops and restaurants.

Our night in Olivetano Agritourismo was one of the nicer sleeps we've had so far. Perhaps being outside the city, with little to no traffic to speak of, made the difference. As well, most hotels have effective systems on the windows to block absolutely all light from the outside world; when we closed the shutters, it was so black you couldn't see your hand in front of your face. In this particular room, there are exterior shutters, with diagonal- and downward-facing slats to allow ventilation, and interior window shutters, with little window-doors inset into the room-facing side to let you open the windows and let in light without opening the windows and letting in air. That took less figuring out than the door and toilet.

The door into the room was complicated. To lock the door you had to lift the handle upwards to engage the locking mechanism, then turn your key around three times in the lock before the door would be locked. That took a bit of trial and error before we actually left the room secured. The toilet used a different flush mechanism that we hadn't encountered before, essentially an upward-pointing button that attached to a tank set high in the wall. And don't even get me started on the bidet - I have no idea how to use this thing. After seeing toilets flush with massive buttons set into the wall, pedals on the floor, and chains attached to levers, we just get to chalk this system up to another "regional difference" that you just get used to.

A little aside about "regional differences": Amy and I have come to use the term to describe something you encounter while travelling that is different than what you're used to, that you don't necessarily like, but that in the end, you really have absolutely no power over and have no capacity to change. In most instances it's because we can't explain how we'd like anything differently, so apart from the absolutely necessary, you just accept and enjoy the difference. Some travellers don't get to this point, however, and seem motivated to let you know how something is better somewhere else than the way it is here. I know that they do it out of a sense of trying to be helpful, but in some conversations with tourists I find it needlessly pessimistic. As a result, we try and showcase the good, rather than harp on the mediocre.

So, back to Olivetano Agritourismo. We awoke the next morning to head downstairs for our breakfast, served up by an older gentleman tending the bar. I wish I'd known, at the time, how to ask what his name was. Our communication was limited, but we figured out drinks (tea and cafe americano), we ate the cornettes (Italian version of a croissant, and definitely "regionally different" than same) that were hidden from sight and insect by an unfolded white paper serviette; we ate the compact melba toast and peach preserves. The gentleman then had a lengthy conversation with us in Italian, of which I got about ten percent. In the end we figured we'd go for a walk around the farm's property before settling up and heading out. It seems pretty universal that of the people we've had to talk to in order to arrange things, most of the Italians are very good about making absolutely certain the correct information has changed hands. In this case it meant we had essentially the same conversation about three times, in extremely simple English and Italian, to explain that we would take a walk for about an hour, and then pick up our things and head out. It was then that our host suggested we head up the hill to see the Casa de Domenica, which a helpful fellow with enough English and Italian to serve as a translator, explained was the region's equivalent to Disneyland.

So walk up the hill we did, passing by the groves of olive trees from which the farm surely took its name, making several turns and passing into more and more desolate and degraded roads before finally arriving at the top and the Casa. We weren't tempted to go in, even though it was set up with rides, a cowboy theme park and an honest-to-goodness Saturn V rocket (or at least, a replica). We were also on a schedule, and the view of Perugia from the hilltop was pretty spectacular. This was the first of several panoramic vistas we'd be party to seeing over the next few days.

Our removal from the Olivetano farm was simple enough, and we did get to chat to the old guy for a few minutes before we left, telling him about the places we'd been and the ones next in Italy that we were to go to. Gubbio and Lago Trasimeno got good reviews ("ah, Gubbio, si, motto bono...") but as soon as we indicated that we were going to visit places outside of Umbria, he was less complimentary. When we mentioned Montepulciano, he said something which can only be translated as "Montepulciano. Why the heck would you want to go there?" This was not to be a unique phenomenon. Later, we would come to talk to an older woman later on at a bus stop who explained (at least, I think this is what she was saying) that Perugia was the prettiest place in Umbria, if not Italy, and that we'd be crazy not to spend at least a few days here getting the most out of the city. But then, when I responded with that most universal of communication tools, the vacant stare of incomprehension, my guess is she figured that she'd packed too much into the sentence and lowered it down a notch for me. "Perugia; belissimo, si?" To which I could offer a healthy, "Si, Perugia, belissimo."

It's a bit frustrating not being able to communicate in an advanced way as I might be able to in English, and I think as a consequence it keeps one on the outside of a culture. It's one thing to see sites, but when you're surrounded by people who are lively and vibrant, you really want to get to know them. It really does encourage me to learn Italian, but then, we're here for such a short time, and we've got a couple of other countries to visit yet where we're going to have exactly the same problem: Spain, Portugal, India and Nepal; our English will only carry us so far.

Our guidebook pointed us to a new hostel in the city, but the map we had only covered the city centre; Olivetano, as well as the train station and our hostel destination, were both off the map. But from our vantage point atop the hill, I could see a building with "SPAGNOLI" emblazoned atop it in huge letters, and made the (at the time) perfectly reasonable assumption that the hotel-sized building was probably the hostel. So now we had a direction, and it didn't look so far. We hoisted our packs on our backs and started walking.

And walking: mostly up, as it turned out. We would walk on the sidewalk on the left side of the street, which would suddenly end, and be replaced by a sidewalk on the right side of the street. We would then have to wait for an opening in in traffic to dash to the other side, only to walk forty paces to the end of the new sidewalk. Repeat. I'm sure this is an exercise to keep Italians at a peak level of alertness, but then again, it seems everyone has a car and just drives everywhere. If they need to cross the street, perhaps they just drive there.

When we got to the Spagnoli building, it turned out to be, of course, not the hostel. We were greeted by a big steel gate, and absolutely no indication of the building's true purpose. A security guard did eventually come out to investigate who the heck we were, and very helpfully informed us that this was not, as we had come to understand, the Hostel Mario Spagnoli. I'm learning from prior mistakes: I had written down the address of the hostel. When I asked him where Via Cortonese was ("per favore, dove Via Cortonese?"), he did make a gesture to his right and said twenty minutes. Which took us up a hill onto a thoroughfare with no sidewalks at all, and a lot of traffic. It was one of those brisk, fun walks that leaves you sweaty and clammy.

We got directions at a gas station, confirming we were heading in the right direction, and continued on our way; after a few more twists and turns, we finally arrived at the Ostello with very sore backs and shoulders. It was a good test of just how much and how far we can go with the packs, and where we'd need extra padding and various adjustments.

After a brief siesta we headed out in search of food, and armed with a few restaurant recommendations, we set out at the (in retrospect) perfectly reasonable time of six o'clock. Monday, Perugia, six o'clock; the city might as well have been abandoned but for the constant traffic. It was only later we realized the very different schedule that Italians follow: restaurants don't even open until about seven thirty. When we did find a place that looked reasonable, a Chinese restaurant ("Ristorante Cinese Imperiale") we were the only ones there, and they were still setting up. But they did feed us very well, they themselves eating at the same time as us.

As we hadn't intended on spending any time in Perugia, we spent an hour the next morning monopolizing the hostel's pay-phone to arrange our stays in Gubbio, Lago Trasimeno and Montepulciano. We'd learned from our Perugia experience (Bruce Springsteen, remember?) that especially on the weekends, it pays to book ahead, even if it means you won't have the luxury of finding the places that aren't advertised or haven't registered with the tourist office. Sometimes, it's better to be prepared than to get lucky, as you can also get very unlucky as well. We made quite the sight, Amy and I; her on the phone doing the talking, me with the phrase book, trying to flip to the appropriate page to fill in the obvious words in Italian. It worked out surprisingly well, and we managed to make bookings in all three places. A city bus later and we were at the bus station, making our way to Gubbio.

Gubbio is a walled medieval city located in the mountains of northern Umbria, remarkable for its preservation. It's the kind of city movie producers would drool over for period pieces, except that it would be almost impossible to get the requisite vans, trailers and trucks into the city. The roads are too thin, go up very steep angles, and have buildings in the way. We stayed two nights in Gubbio, the first in the Grotto del Angelo, a restaurant-hotel in the city core, and the second in a bed & breakfast just outside the city walls.

I can't tell you the distinction between a hill and a mountain, but Gubbio is built on top of one; I know this because we climbed to the top of it by way of a tourist path that criss-crossed upwards, and I was pretty tired at the end. But it provided a spectacular view of the city and the hill / mountains in the distance. It was one of those walks that just kept on ascending, with your ears popping to remind you that yes, you are pretty high up. At the top of the hill / mountain was a church, and the silence that resonated when we entered the courtyard was very special; as a place of worship it would be very effective, as it was highly removed from the noise of the city. But the ascension up the hill / mountain wasn't complete: there was still a nature trail that rose even higher, and we continued. At the top of this trail (the very top) was an old castle ruin, which you could (of course) climb. At the top of this castle was a truly spectacular view of the entire range of hill / mountains surrounding Gubbio. It was also very cold, so while we stayed long enough to appreciate, we lingered just long enough to drink in the panoramic vista and then trekked down again.

After a second day of aimless exploration through Gubbio's ancient city streets, a roman amphitheatre and excellent gelato, we moved onto Casteligano del Lago, one of four main beach towns surrounding Lago Trasimeno. We had to pass through Perugia to switch buses, and our experience with the bus the second time around wasn't nearly as smooth as the first; we waited an hour for a bus that didn't come, and then relied heavily on the kindness of the driver to know exactly when we should get off the bus. But we arrived in Casteligano del Lago without incident, called Guiseppe, our bed and breakfast host, who came and fetched us back to the room in question - not two minutes away, but it might as well have been an hour, as we had no map and no sense of the layout of the town.

During the summer, Casteligano del Lago is probably positively hopping with business, with throngs of holiday-makers. But eventually the autumn comes, people go back to work and kids go back to school, and its population and speed returns to normal. In short, we were among the very few visitors to the city, and it was very slow-paced. Which was actually exactly what we were looking for, so it worked out pretty well.

The logic behind Italian cities seems to be pretty straightforward and direct: find the tallest hill in the area, build a castle on it, build stone houses, buildings and churches around the castle, and then build a wall around the whole thing. To make it easy for carts and wagons to get around, lay down great stone tiles for a road. Finally, as you're labouring on the larger buildings, ensure there is a huge piazza in the centre of town so that people have a place to gather. If you've got a sense of humour and want to confuse visitors to the city in about a thousand years, make sure that you don't use any right angles when it comes to laying out a street, and turn the streets in curves and double-backs. To finish the deal, make a half-dozen huge portico gates and arrange them at varying points around the city wall. To those unaccustomed to walking through such a city, it's like taking a step back in time. Except that the city has adapted to the needs of its citizens as time has gone by, including adding lights, power, water lines, signs, telephone wires, and telephone booths. So you have to use your imagination a bit.

Casteligano del Lago is one of larger towns to perch upon Lago Trasimeno, and as such it's well equipped with all the stores you could need on the outskirts. Like CORA in France, COOP is a prominent supermarket chain that we've found in every city we've come across; UPIM and CONAD are also competitors. One day we shopped at the COOP that was fifteen minutes' walk from our apartment and ate our picnic meal in a meadow overlooking the Lago, but for the most part we dined and toured in the older part of the town, the walled segment that stands perched atop a small hill and is surrounded by a grove of olive trees. The trees are planted in rows, the ground scalloped in a way that makes it look like grand steps of land through which stone stairways cut upwards to form a vertical path.

The olive trees themselves, like the rest of the city, have probably been standing for hundreds of years; they seem to grow impossibly, looking like they have had huge sections cut out of them, or have split apart. And yet they produce hundreds of olives, and despite the sizeable holes you could pass your hand through, the trees are obviously healthy.

We dined out twice in Casteligano del Lago, once at a restaurant called Papri-ka, and the last night of our stay at Vinolente. Papri-ka was on a Wednesday night, so it wasn't very busy, but we found ourselves among a table of Americans and a table of Australians. We didn't have much of a chance to speak with the Americans, but we did spend a fair amount of time talking with John and Lizette, sampling each other's wine, and generally having a great time. It's funny that we get to know other travellers better than we would get to know the actual residents of the cities we visit, but I suppose that given the language barrier, and the fact that we have more in common with fellow travellers (ie., we're all travelling), it makes sense.

We also met a nice trio from Ireland, Michael, Aine and her sister (whose name I forget), who live not far from my uncle Sandy in Wexford. The smallest things give rise to long conversations - in this case, we helped them take some wine down to their car, and left probably a half an hour later, addresses and travel tips exchanged.

The main fortress in Casteligano del Lago was worth a short walkabout. Overlooking the Lago, you have an impressive view, and the castle has been well-maintained, but it is an empty shell; you walk around the ramparts, but don't get to venture inside the main keep and see how it would have been used in its day. The interior of the compound was also off-limits in the off-season, but from the ramparts we could see that it had been converted into an open-air theatre space, with a large open stage sitting opposite ten rows of chairs. We surmised from the structure behind the stage that there would be a space underneath the stage, perhaps to allow setpieces to be raised and lowered.

We left Casteligano del Lago well-rested and well-fed, en route to leave Umbria and venture into Tuscany. I haven't regretted not renting a car in Italy, despite the freedom of movement it offers; the signs are deceptive, sporadic, and obviously, in Italian. At least in France we could understand the signs. In addition, we have seen parking to be a nightmare, there are astoundingly steep hills to climb, the turns are sharp, and the cars are all manual transmission. We have seen on more than one occasion two vehicles come to a sharp stop and start honking at each other until one reverses enough to let the other through. In short, I'm relatively content to let a bus or train driver do all the driving for us. However, the trip through Umbria towards Tuscany, with its panoramas of rolling hills and lush countryside, made me want to have the bus pull over to drink it all in. There's a reason people come to Italy; there's an ageless feel to the land, that is foreign and familiar all at once. I know I will come here again, hopefully armed with a better grasp on the language, to get to know the people that live here.